Blending nozzle



f E x r M m. R. NF 5 E05. 5 w 2 1V9 K rmw Y B Emu wd E M Bwn May 15,1951 Patented May 15, 1951 BLENDING NOZZLE Frank W. Ofeldt, Carnot, Pa.,assignor to Homestead Valve Manufacturing Company, Coraopolis, Pa., acorporation of Pennsylvania Application December 14, 1946, Serial No.716,239

This invention relates generally to the method and apparatus forcontrolling the discharge of fluids under pressure and more particularlyto spray gun nozzles for controlling a discharge of a spray mixturecomposed of a liquid'and a vapor of a liquid from the spray generatingapparatus.

This invention is an improvement over the invention entitled, HydraulicSystem and Nozzle Therefor, disclosed in United States Letters PatentNo. 1,958,094, issued May 8, 1934.

Spray generating apparatus with which the spray gun nozzle comprisingthis invention is particularly adapted comprises a heat transfer meanssuch as a coil to which the liquid spray solution is supplied in meteredquantities where it is heated to convert a portion thereof into vapor orsteam under pressure to produce a spray mixture composed of liquid andthe vapor of a liquid under pressure and the amount of the vapor orsteam generated is determined by correlating the amount of heat with theamount of liquid spray solution supplied to the heating coil. Such aspray generating apparatus may be advantageously employed for cleaningor agricultural spraying,

When the spray mixture under pressure is discharged to atmosphere it isatomized and produces a spray for cleaning or a mist, which, iffortified with a chemical such as a germicide, a

. fungicide or an insecticide may be advantageously employed foragricultural spraying or disinfecting. When used for cleaning purposessuch a spray usually contains cleaning compounds and is effective as acleaning agent when the surface to be cleaned is close to the nozzlefrom which the spray is discharged. However such a cleaning spray isineffective as a cleaning agent when the surface to be cleaned is a fewfeet away from the spray gun nozzle.

The principal object of this invention is the provision of a method andapparatus for the discharge of fluid under pressure such as a spraymixture that is eifective as a cleaning agent when the surface to becleaned is located at a material distance from the spray gun nozzle.

Another object is the provision of a method and apparatus fordischarging a liquid under pressure that prevents atomization of themixture by flashing at the mouth of the nozzle, making the cleaningspray effective at greater distances.

Another object is the provision of a spray gun nozzle for producing aspray stream having asubstantially solid liquid central core.

Another object is the provision of a spray gun 1 Claim. (01. 299140) 2nozzle thatproduces a concentrated central core of liquid slugs.

Other objects and advantages appear hereinafter in the followingdescription and claim.

A practical embodiment illustrating the principles of this invention isshown in the accompanying drawing wherein:

Fig. 1 is a view in side elevation of the spray gun comprising thisinvention.

Fig. 2 is a sectional view of the nozzle of the spray gun shown in Fig.1.

The spray gun shown in Figs. 1 and 2 of the drawing, consists of thenozzle I made up of an outer nozzle member 2 and an inner nozzle member3. The outer nozzle 2 is provided with a bore 4 of uniform diameterthroughout its length. The inner nozzle member 3 is arranged to closethe rear end of the bore 4 of the outer nozzle as shown at 5 in Fig. 2.The enlarged head 6 of the outer nozzle 2 is provided with a laterallydisposed opening 1 arranged to receive a water supply tube 8. a

The inner nozzle 3 is materially shorter in length than the outer nozzleand is provided with a central 1 bore 9 which is considerably smaller indiameter than the bore 4 of the outer nozzle 2. The bore 9 of the innernozzle 3 is provided with an outwardly flaring mouth I0 which terminateswithin the outer nozzle slightly beyond the mouth of the tube 8 wherethe latter enters the bore 4 of the outer nozzle 2'. The perimetralsurface of the inner nozzle 3 is cut away as indicated at H for a lengthsubstantially equal to the outwardly flaring mouth L0- to provide theannular chamber l2 between the inner nozzle 3 and the bore 4 of theouter nozzle 2 and into which water may be discharged from the pipe 8.

The rear end of the inner nozzle 3 is provided with a flattened surfaceI3 preferably disposed at an angle to the axes of the nozzles and isprovided with an annular recess l4 surrounding the opening of the bore 9for receiving the end of the tube 15. The tubes 8 and I5 are disposedparallel with one another. This arrangement of parts provides aconvenient spray gun that may be readily manipulated without obstructingthe view of the operator and also provides an economical structure dueto the manner in which the tubes 8 and I5 are connected to the nozzles.

The nozzles and tubes 8 and [5 may be made of any suitable metal whichlends itself to be fabricated as by welding or brazing. The tubes 8 andI5 extend rearwardly of the nozzles to their respective shut-off valvemembers l6 and 11. The other or inlet side of the valve members l6 andI1 is connected with the tubes I8 and I9 respectively, the ends of whichare provided with hose fittings 20 and 2|. A handle 22, made ofinsulating material such as wood, encircles the intermediate portion ofthe tube l9 and partially surrounds the water tube 18, being retained(in place fby'the handle strap clamping members '23and '24. The handle22 is preferably made of considerable length, such as two feet, whichpermits the gun to be readily manipulated, The tubes 8, l5, l8 and 19are held in spacedl'elation by means of three spacer blocks "25distributed therealong. Thus thBflIIDZZlB': 1 together with the straphandle clampsi'zsandjflrmaintain.

the tubes in parallel clamped relation'against the' blocks 25 andprovide a unitaryspray-gun structure.

The included angle of the outwardly. .fi'aring. mouth ID of the innernozzle 3 is approximately fourteen and'one-half degrees. If the bore 4of the outer nozzle 2 is substantially .five-eighths of an :inch indiameter it should be approximately fourinches longgand the chamber [2approximately three-fourths of an inch long and the bore .9 of the innernozzle 3 should be approximately three-sixteenths 'ofuarn' inch indiameter. Ainozzlertof these dimensions is capable of discharging waterthrough the tube 8 at the rate oftapproximately eightgallonsper minutewhen the spray mixture of liquid "and vapor of a liquid beingtransmitted-by'the tube l is approximately one; and one-halfagallons;-per minute at a pressure from one hundred 1302-0118 hundred and fiftypounds ,per square inch and at a water saturation-of from eighty toninety per cent. vA nozzle. of these :dimensions supplied with such aspray mixture and water, will produce a spray with a; substantiallysolid liquid core which may be projected against-asurface twenty tothirty feet in the air and produce anefficient cleaning action on thesurface. The water being supplied under domestic-pressure and forcedinto the chamber 1.2 .flows through the bore 4 of the.-outer.n0Z- zleland robs the spray mixture, coming from the. mouthlfl of .the innernozzle 3, of its latent heat. A sufiicient amount of heat is removedfrom the spray'm'ixture by the water at this "position within the nozzleto prevent the: spraymixture =ofliquid and vapor. of a liquid fromatomizingbyfiashingas it issues from the nozzle and .a stream ofconsiderable force is formed carrying a substantially solid liquid core.which. has-improved erosive force.

If the valve 16 is shut off to prevent further flow of water to thenozzle, the latter will produce a spray, the central core of whichcontains concentrated water slugs larger than water drops or globulesand has excellent cleaning qualities at distances approximating threefeet. This improved nozzle will function to discharge an improvedcleaning 'vapor spray :mixture Whether 'thewater tube 8' is presenternot.

A nozzle of this character is disclosed in my rec-pending applicationSerial No. 716,238, filed December 14, 1946.

.Aispraynozzle structure comprising an outer nozzleiclosed'atz one endand having a cylindrical borenf' uniform diameter extending inwardly foritsfulllength from, its open mouth, an inner nozz'le projecting intosaid closed end and coaxially spaced from the wall of said cylindricalbore to form with said wall an annular rear chamber,anyoutwardly-fiaring; mouth-at the exit end of the inner nozzle,a-conduit to supply a spray mixturev of liquid anda vapor of a liquidunder pressure to the bore of the inner nozz1e,and .a second conduit :tosupply liquid to said annular rear, chamber, to thereby discharge aspray having a concentrated core of liquid slugs effectiveto clean 'asurface a material distance from .the nozzle.

FRAN. OEELDT.

REFERENCES CITED file of this patent:

STATES PATENTS Number: :Name- Date a 675,840 Phillips June 4, 1901853,634 Harris .May 1+1, 1907 945,899 Achee. Jan. 11,1910- 1,067,891Wagner ..-J,ul-y 22, 1913 1,102,329 Dunn July 7., 1914 1,107,244 Carter-Aug. :11, 1,914, 1,153,132 Pettitt. Sept. !7, 1915 1,466,247 Pickop,-Aug.28, 1923 1,581,018 .Mulroy- .Apr. 1351926 1513595 Herold; Jan; 11., .1927 1,739,909 .Negro Oct. 21,193!) 1,800,413 Smith Apr. 14, 193.1;1,894,829 7 Lay .-Jan...-17, '193.3 1,920,721 f-I-irrell Aug. 1-9331,958,094 Ofeldt .May, 8 ,1, 1934 2,083,851 Marcy .J,une 15, 19372,391,422 Jackson Dec. 25 .1945

